RESUMO
Bicuspid pulmonary valve is a rare echocardiographic finding, particularly if not associated with other congenital heart diseases. We report the incidental case of a severe giant pulmonary arterial aneurysm associated to bicuspid pulmonary valve in an asymptomatic 79-year-old patient. Multimodality cardiac imaging was important for the correct diagnosis and to exclude any other potential complication. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.).
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although the guidelines consider severe left ventricular (LV) dilatation a class IIaC indication for surgery in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and normal LV function, the optimal management remains controversial. We aimed to assess the LV enlargement, hypertrophy and function, and the outcomes in these patients by the presence of severe LV dilatation at baseline. METHODS: From our 20-year database, we identified all asymptomatic patients with severe AR and LV ejection fraction (EF) >50% and ≥2 echocardiograms ≥1 year apart. LV end-diastolic diameter >70 mm or LV end-systolic diameter >50 mm or LV end-systolic diameter index >25 mm/m(2) defined severe LV dilatation. A composite end point included onset of symptoms or LV dysfunction. RESULTS: Eighty-four patients (52 ± 18 years, 61 men) were enrolled and followed-up for 7.1 ± 5.1 years. Two groups were defined: 22 patients with and 62 patients without severe LV dilatation at baseline. The progression of LV dilatation and hypertrophy, and the LVEF at last exam were similar in both groups. Twelve of 22 and 34 of 62 patients (P = 0.59) reached the end point. Vasodilators did not modify the progression of LV enlargement/hypertrophy. Ten of 22 and 25 of 62 patients (P = 0.45) underwent surgery and had similar postoperative LV diameters, mass, EF. CONCLUSIONS: The progression of LV enlargement/hypertrophy and outcomes in asymptomatic patients with severe AR, normal LV function, and severe LV dilatation or the postoperative LV parameters were not influenced by the severe LV dilatation, suggesting that a close follow-up could delay surgery in this population.
Assuntos
Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/mortalidade , Volume Sistólico , Comorbidade , Dilatação Patológica/diagnóstico por imagem , Dilatação Patológica/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Análise de Sobrevida , Taxa de Sobrevida , Ultrassonografia , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Disfunção Ventricular Esquerda/mortalidadeRESUMO
Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus is a rare congenital anomaly, possibly related to myocardial ischemia by dynamic compression. We present a case of percutaneous treatment of this coronary anomaly resulting in regression of inducible ischemia, as demonstrated by radionuclide scintigraphy.
Assuntos
Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/instrumentação , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Isquemia Miocárdica/diagnóstico por imagem , Imagem de Perfusão do Miocárdio , Stents , Idoso , Angiografia Coronária , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/complicações , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiologia , Isquemia Miocárdica/terapia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The use of low molecular weight heparin sometimes leads to major life threatening complications, such as acute abdominal haemorrhages. We report two cases of major haematoma of rectus abdominis. Computed tomography was very helpful to confirm the diagnosis in these cases.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Hematoma/induzido quimicamente , Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular/efeitos adversos , Doenças Musculares/induzido quimicamente , Reto do Abdome/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Hematoma/diagnóstico , Humanos , Doenças Musculares/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Veia Ázigos/anormalidades , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Dextrocardia/complicações , Dextrocardia/cirurgia , Taquicardia por Reentrada no Nó Atrioventricular/complicações , Taquicardia por Reentrada no Nó Atrioventricular/cirurgia , Veia Cava Inferior/cirurgia , Trombose Venosa/cirurgia , Idoso , Veia Ázigos/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombose Venosa/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most frequently used revascularization approach, often repeatedly applied. The quest for the ultimate revascularization procedure however may capture cardiologist's attention and lead them to minimize the issue of secondary prevention in their patients. Aims of this study were to assess: 1. The individual risk factor profile, 2. The relation between the risk factors correction and the number of hospital admissions for elective procedures, 3. The appropriateness of medical treatment in patients admitted for elective coronary invasive procedures (diagnostic and interventional). 4. The patients knowledge of threshold values for cardiovascular risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 100 patients (71% males, mean age 68 years) consecutively admitted for elective coronary angiography or PCI. They underwent a classical risk factors assessment and were divided in three groups according to the number of admissions for coronary angiography and in two groups according to the number of PCIs. RESULTS: Fifty-seven% of patients had been previously admitted for invasive examination at least three times and 58% had already been treated with at least one PCI. Seventy-one% were treated with beta-blockers but only 25% of them received a dosage found effective in RCTs (randomized clinical trials). Sixty% were treated with ACE-inhibitors and 83% received the dosage found effective in RCTs. Fifty-two% were treated with statins and 95% received a dosage found effective in RCTs. Nine% were still active smokers. Fourty-nine% had a LDL cholesterol level above 100 mg/dL. The percentage of patients not on target was unrelated to the number of hospital admissions for invasive procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Modern cardiology is quickly embracing high tech procedures and trials results but often fails to spend enough time teaching how to control risk factors according to the recommendations of the evidence-based guidelines, even independently of the number of hospitalizations for invasive cardiovascular procedures.